Computed Tomography (CT) Scan

What You Need to Know

A computed tomography (CT) scan is a highly advanced imaging technique used to obtain detailed cross-sectional images of the body’s internal structures. This non-invasive procedure utilises X-rays and computer processing to create comprehensive images of bones, organs, and tissues, aiding in the diagnosis and management of various medical conditions.

Why You Might Need a CT Scan

CT scans are used for a variety of diagnostic purposes, including:

Bone Disorders: Identifying fractures, bone tumours, and other abnormalities.

Infections and Masses: Locating infections, tumours, and masses within the body.

Vascular Conditions: Detecting blood clots, aneurysms, and other vascular issues.

Cancer Detection: Diagnosing and monitoring cancers in different parts of the body.

Trauma: Assessing internal injuries and bleeding following accidents or injuries.

Guiding Procedures: Assisting in the planning and execution of surgeries, biopsies, and radiation therapy.

Preparing for a CT Scan

Preparation for a CT scan generally includes the following steps:

Clothing: You will need to change into a hospital gown. Remove all metal and electronic accessories, such as watches, jewellery, belts, and dentures, as these can interfere with the scan.

Diet: You may be advised to avoid eating or drinking a few hours before the scan, especially if a contrast dye will be used.

Medical History: Inform your doctor if you are pregnant, think you might be pregnant, or have any allergies, particularly to contrast dye.

Medications: Continue taking your regular medications unless instructed otherwise by your doctor.

The CT Scan Procedure

Here’s what to expect during the CT scan procedure:

Preparation: You will lie on a motorised table that slides into the CT scanner.
Contrast Dye: If required, a contrast dye may be administered orally or via an IV line to enhance the images. Notify your doctor or technician immediately if you experience any allergic reactions, such as sneezing or itching.
Scanning: The table moves into the scanner, which resembles a large doughnut. Straps and pillows may be used to keep you comfortable and still during the scan.
Communication: You can communicate with the technician through speakers attached to the CT scanner.
Imaging: The CT scanner’s X-ray tube rotates around you, capturing multiple images of thin cross-sections (slices) of your body. You may hear buzzing noises, indicating the scanner is working.
Breath Holding: You may be asked to hold your breath for a few seconds during the scan to obtain clearer images.
Completion: After the scan, the IV line will be disconnected, and you will be allowed to go home.

The entire procedure typically takes 30 to 60 minutes, depending on the area being examined.

Post-Procedure Care for CT Scan

After the CT scan, you can usually return to your regular activities immediately. If contrast dye was used, you may receive specific instructions, such as drinking plenty of fluids to help flush the dye from your body. Your doctor will review the images and discuss the results with you, outlining any necessary follow-up steps or treatments.

Benefits of CT Scan

Detailed Imaging: Provides highly detailed images of internal structures, aiding in accurate diagnosis.

Non-Invasive: No need for surgery or invasive procedures.

Quick and Efficient: Can diagnose a wide range of conditions in a relatively short time.

Risks of CT Scan

While CT scans are generally safe, there are some potential risks and considerations:

Allergic Reactions: Some patients may experience an allergic reaction to the contrast dye.

Kidney Problems: The contrast dye can cause issues in people with pre-existing kidney disorders.

Radiation Exposure: There is a small risk of cancer from the radiation exposure of one CT scan, but this risk increases with multiple scans.

By understanding the CT scan procedure, its benefits, and potential risks, you can be better prepared for the test and informed about its role in diagnosing and managing various medical conditions.